Ginkgo biloba not effective in preventing memory loss

In a study published in the Journal of the American Association, researchers found that Ginkgo biloba was no more effective than placebo in preventing cognitive in older people.

The Study

Researchers designed a randomized placebo-controlled, double-blinded study with 3069 participants in 6 centers throughout the country, with a median follow-up time of 6.1 years.  Results of the Modified Mini Mental Status Exam (3MSE) and other standardized tests showed no difference in cognitive decline for people with normal cognition or mild cognitive decline.

Plain English Translation

This is a study that used Ginkgo biloba (120 milligrams twice a day) and identical placebo (sugar pills) to compare the effect on memory and other function.

In a double-blinded study, neither the participants (people taking the pills) nor evaluators know who is taking the active drug (Ginkgo in this case) and the placebo.  This type of study gives more accurate result because there can be no bias on the part of the participants or the evaluators.

A study with over 3,000 participants ages 72-96 years in 6 centers throughout the country to help prevent regional differences.  Researchers also screened for 14 other issues to exclude participants either taking certain medications or with other medical problems which may have confounded the results.

Standardized testing was used to look at the results, and a time period of over 6 years was used.

Statistical analysis was applied.

Results showed no difference in decline between the placebo group and the Ginkgo group.

Real World Implications

Ginkgo is an extract of the Ginkgo biloba tree which has been used for years to help circulation and memory.  The alternative medicine database from the University of Maryland reports that there are few side effects to Ginkgo.

This is a well-designed study shows that Ginkgo has no effect on memory decline from aging, despite the hopes of many users.