Outsourcing global trend, unions told

MANILA, Philippines—Labor Secretary Rosalinda Baldoz on Wednesday said that “outsourcing is already with us,” defending her decision to allow Philippine Airlines (PAL) to spin off three noncore services that will result in the layoff of 2,600 workers.

Citing a global trend, Baldoz pointed out at a public hearing called by the House committee on labor and employment that outsourcing was already an accepted business practice even in the United States.

Baldoz, however, said that her Oct. 29 decision giving PAL the go-signal to proceed with its plan to spin off in-flight catering, airport services and call center reservations had no prior clearance from President Benigno Aquino III.

PAL’s plan to outsource these services is being protested by the PAL Employees Association (PALEA), which has filed a notice of strike.

Baldoz appeared at the House hearing upon the invitation of Northern Samar Rep. Emil Ong, chair of the committee tasked with checking whether PAL is lawfully allowed to engage in contractualization and outsourcing because of losses it incurred in 2008 and 2009.

Ong also invited representatives of both labor and management groups—Partido ng Manggagawa, Bukluran ng Manggagawang Pilipino, Philippine Trade Alliance and Federation of Philippine Industries, among others.

At the hearing, Baldoz was grilled by Ong and Representatives Emmeline Aglipay of the Democratic Independent Workers Association party-list group, Philip Pichay of Surigao del Sur, Ben Evardone of Eastern Samar, JV Ejercito of San Juan City and Vincent Crisologo of Quezon City.

BPO industry

“We’re talking here about outsourcing. May I ask the labor secretary if it is the policy of the administration now to promote outsourcing?” Evardone asked.

Baldoz said that business process outsourcing (BPO) was an example of an outsourced activity from the United States.

She noted that trade unions in the United States were also opposed to outsourcing. “Nonetheless, employers who look at outsourcing as one way of reducing cost to make them competitive, outsource (jobs) to countries like us,” she said.

As a result, jobs in the United States have been transferred to countries like the Philippines, Baldoz said. The BPO industry, including call centers, in the Philippines has generated tens of thousands of jobs.

Baldoz said that under the Labor Code, contracting out jobs was allowed as long as it was done by an independent contractor.

She noted that there was a labor department order providing guidelines on how to do it.

Asked if, given a chance, she would recommend her policy of promoting outsourcing in the country to Mr. Aquino, Baldoz said: “For as long as it is done in accordance with the law and unless the law is changed—it is still the (same) Constitution and the Labor Code—then that outsourcing should be recognized in the country.”

Asked pointblank if she would recommend this new policy to the President, Baldoz retorted: “Well, if he will ask me, that will be the same answer that I will give him.”

Told that she was appointed by Mr. Aquino to “protect the interest of labor,” Baldoz said: “In this case, we talk of outsourcing always in relation to the different nature of employment—regular, contractual.”

Justifiable causes

Baldoz said even regular employees could be retrenched for justifiable causes. “(T)here could be closure, and for as long as the due process requirement of the Labor Code is satisfied and benefits, the workers, again, based on law, are provided, then that is also allowed,” she said.

During the three-hour hearing, Baldoz and the PAL management defended the ruling. PALEA said 70 percent of its members would lose their jobs because of the Baldoz ruling.

Bataan Rep. Herminia Roman reminded Baldoz that the justification for the contractualization and outsourcing at PAL should be “shown by clear and convincing evidence” and that “these losses must also be substantial in nature.”

PAL said it was spinning off the three noncore services to survive the competition and stay afloat. It said it lost P13 billion in the past two years.

Interpretations

Explaining her Oct. 29 decision, Baldoz said she was merely affirming the previous order of then acting Labor Secretary Romeo Lagman denying the motion for reconsideration of the ground crew union at the national flag carrier.

She based her decision on the provisions of the existing collective bargaining agreement (CBA) between PALEA and PAL “on the exercise of management prerogative and on certain limitations that have been placed by agreement of the parties.”

She was referring to Article 24 of the CBA. “The entire decision has been focused on that,” she said.

PALEA president Gerry Rivera, who was present at the hearing, disagreed, pointing out that the CBA only contemplated “temporary” contracting out jobs in case of company restructuring or spin-off and joint venture.

Rivera pointed to Section 3 of Article 24 which, he said, was explicit in saying that contracting out regular positions should be temporary.

Still, Baldoz insisted that the whole Article 24 “to my interpretation is more of a permanent measure being done by the company.”

She said the only condition required of PAL was to ensure that the mass layoff of PAL employees “has to be done with lawful, just, reasonable and humane manner.” –Michael Lim Ubac, Philippine Daily Inquirer